Hence, to check the voltage drop, youll need to estimate the wire length first. air), Sensible Heat (BTU/hr) = 1.1 x CFM x t (std. However, Id still recommend the 8-gauge wire. The maximum load the 25-amp circuit breaker can handle is 31.25 amps (125% of the breaker amperage), which is likely to trip the breaker frequently. A regular heat pump requires two dedicated branch circuits: the condensing or AC unit and the air handler. Now that you know a little about measuring air conditioner and heat pump capacity, lets look at the common tonnages for these units and what breaker size each requires.Unit Size (tons)Draw (Amps)BTU/HourCooling Area (sq. Circuit Breaker Requirements Based On Unit Tonnage, Breaker Sizes for Different Size AC and Heat Pump Units, Air Conditioner and Heat Pump Electrical Wiring Requirements, How to Find Your AC or Heat Pumps Ideal Breaker and Wire Size. A 4 and 5 ton air-conditioner will likely need a circuit breaker rated 45-50 A connected with 8-10 AWG wire when supplied with 197 - 253 volts. Window air conditioners and heat pumps are incredibly portable, easy to install, and energy-efficient, so its no surprise they are very popular. Yes, I know, the intention is to trip the compressor overload, but real world someone is dropping the balls on these overloads. That information also provides you with the maximum overcurrent protection or MOP rating. Everything should be completely fine if you use a lower gauge wire for an air conditioner or heat pump. Low noise operation and high efficiency. Contractor two wants to install a 2 ton unit and said to run 12ga with a dual 20A circuit. I have noticed lately that some condensers have max overcurrent protection size of 25a. For example, if your question is what size wire for a 30 amp air conditioner, look at the first chart to see that a 30 amp AC unit is one that is rated at 5 tons (60,000 BTU). link to What is Bypass in Chilled Water Systems? Calculator + Chart, How Do Portable Air Conditioners Work? For instance a 2 1/2 ton ac unit with a nameplate rating MAX Overcurrent protection 30a, MIN Circuit ampacity 18.7a. How can I make the following table quickly? Hence, there are more current in the wire compared to three-phase (480 volts). Choosing the correct wire gauge for the power going to your air conditioner or heat pump is crucial. While there are small and larger mini-split units, most fall into 1 to 2 tons. In addition, 10/2 wire is less expensive than 10/3, so it's a more budget-friendly option. To calculate wire size for air conditioners, divide the maximum current by 80% to find the circuit breaker size. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. Gauge size In wire, as you likely know, the smaller the number, the thicker the wire. PyQGIS: run two native processing tools in a for loop. You probably do not want the cheapest bid, especially if it's by a margin. I would rather do it than to have that happen anyways. Mini-split air conditioners and heat pumps are very popular and excellent at cooling a relatively small space compared to a central AC system. On the smaller side of practical knowledge, but it is readily available as well, this line indicates whether or not your pump is using the old R-22 refrigerant, which is slowly pulled from circulation, or the newer, industry-standard R-410A. Let us say you have a 2-ton heat pump at home. As much as I wanted to help, the OP sounded like he thought it needed 4 circuits! I have learned quite a bit, really quick. Furthermore, we have provided tonnage table charts below if you are a visual person and need a better reference. NM cable would require #12 AWG conductors. In that case, this is a safety hazard. Most central units run on 220V or the equivalent. Rene has worked 10 years in the HVAC field and now is the Senior Comfort Specialist for PICKHVAC. I think I will approach wiring size in the future appropriate to the nameplate rating while considering length of the run. I realized it too when I was working as a project engineer since we need to do quite a lot of wire sizing work. Units are designed, engineered and assembled in the U.S.A. The cost of the wiring is negligible. A double pole circuit breaker (220v) of the appropriate brand for the breaker box and the correct amperage for the central AC system. My apologies for misreading your question. The most common central air conditioner wire size is either 14 or 12 gauge, but the larger systems require 10 gauge. (9.2 amps + 0.7 amps + (9.2 amps * 0.25) = 12.2) (NEC 440.33). To check the percentage of voltage drop, find the voltage drop value using the wire voltage drop table. It is quite lengthy if you calculate it manually. If they say 20' of 3/8 you can look up the base price of that- and everyone should be scaled by the same amount (Do NOT think you're going to get copper lineset at store prices, not going to happen). Still, the easiest way to break down these numbers is to determine what type of zone you are using. But what about your specific unit and situation? Sizing the correct wire for any electrical device is regulated by the National Electrical Code (NEC). So, this is how we determine what size wire we need for various air conditioners. How To Calculate Wire Size For An Air Conditioner? Condensor went, HVAC guy is blaming electrician, is this possible? Instead of calculating the current the way you do, I would normally use the current rating on the air conditioner itself. With my experience, I want to help people solve their HVAC problems. Concerning supplies for this job, are there any others I will need in addition to those listed above? We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. The run from my AC is just under 10'. A split heat pump or air conditioner has two separate electrical circuits, one for the outdoor unit (condenser) and the indoor unit (air handler or furnace). We hope this helps. Example: Lets say you have a 3-ton AC unit that runs on a 220V circuit. (State-By-State Chart), How To Convert Therms To kWh? The wire sizes and recommended amperages in this article are all based on general installation practices and codes. If the ambient temperature increases, the wire current-carrying capacity will drop which may cause you to use a bigger wire size. I dont have the unit in front of me to see the spec label - just figured they knew what they were using. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. There are no 12.5 amp breakers. If you have your average 240 volts 2 kW air handler, you will need a 30 amp breaker and a #10 electrical wire. What Size Air Conditioner Do I Need for a 2000 Sq Ft House? It will allow more power than expected before tripping, causing your wiring to melt and potentially start a fire. 2 Wire size is based on fuse or circuit breaker size. The above table is by no means a definitive guide to which wire gauge you should use, but it is a good rule of thumb. However, absorption chillers are not very well Hi, my name is Yu Chang Zhen. aircondlounge is a participant in the Stripe Climate. For instance, a 1.5-ton air conditioner needs 2.5mm2 or 14-gauge wires to safely operate given that its maximum current can go up to 10 amps. But this also means that it will require more electrical power. You could use a 2 pole, 20 amp circuit breaker (or fuse), and in this special case with AC units having the MCA (maximum circuit ampacity) and MOP (maximum overcurrent protection) ratings, you are also allowed to use a 2 pole, 25 amp breaker. However the HVAC contractor needs to hire a licensed electrician and apply for a permit. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Still, it gets much easier when you understand that most of it arent intended for your typical homeowner to grasp. In this case, you should use a 50 amp breaker because it is the next step above the minimum ampacity but still below the maximum ampacity. Regarding HVAC units, a ton refers to the amount of air a system can cool in a single hour. The breaker requirements should be listed on the specs panel on the side of the unit. Do you know it? Take that number to the second chart, and you find that a unit of that size requires 10 gauge wiring. As we mentioned previously, it truly depends on the heat pump size. Here your labeling will tell you whether or not the unit you are looking at is an AC, or its slightly more energy-efficient cousin, the heat pump. From the above single-phase table, the minimum wire size needed for 20 amps is 4mm2 or 12-gauge wire. Here youll find just how much electricity is required to start the compressor. When your manufacturer makes the heat pump, it can very well be handed to you on a silver platter without going through the tedious process of decoding those two seemingly random numbers in the serial number we discussed. Welcome, I hope you can find your solutions here. Window units are some of the smallest air conditioners and heat pumps you can buy, excluding portable units. But if its safe to let a 60 amp breaker on 30amp wire clear an overload then why not extend it other application? I've been conducting professional home inspections since 2002. A suggestion: A 2P, 20A breaker will also work for this AC, and might be easier to source. Electrical wire, commonly called Romex, of the correct size for the AC system and long enough to run from the power panel to the location where the condenser will be located. Is the Circuit Breaker Size Listed on the Data Tag? A double pole breaker can handle two 120V circuits, but you use them more often for a single 220V circuit. Supplies tips: Not every circuit breaker will fit in every breaker box. While installing a lower amp breaker usually doesnt present a safety issue, it will cause the breaker to trip nearly constantly. 10 gauge wire. I have read on a few different websites that electricians are sizing their wire according to the nameplate rating "minimum circuit ampacity" 2 - 2 1/2 tons 14amps, 18amps. That breaker would normally be too large for 12 gauge wire, it's only allowed in a case like this where the A/C unit is rated as such. Here is a list of common circuit breaker sizes: Now, use the circuit breaker ampere to find the matching wire size by current-carrying capacity. When wiring them, its crucially important to get things right for safety reasons and to reduce the number of electrical problems youll have down the road. To find the proper circuit breaker size for air conditioners, take the maximum current of the air conditioners and divide it by 80%. Residential AC Unit Replacement - BRYANT Feedback pls? If you are still unsure how to follow this guide, you can quickly look at the nameplate data on the outdoor unit. These two particular numbers are always divisible by six. Can we create two different filesystems on a single partition? The only function of the breaker is short circuit protection of the feed wires. The BTU ratings are also listed here, if that is how you are trying to determine the wiring size. Still, the most notable of them would be that most manufacturers offer the manufactured year your condenser here. While initiallItspearing to be a string of numbers, this sequence provides a few essential bits of information. The end of the tool can be used to grip and bend wire which is handy for attaching wire onto the screw terminals of switches and outlets.. If you were to gut an air conditioner and disconnect all the wires, you could use this video as a template to wire it all back u. A central system cools or heats air at a central compressor unit and distributes the cooled air throughout the residence through ductwork. How do we reach that conclusion? Making its grand appearance next would be the model number, which thankfully is made more evident than some other more reclusive bits of information we will go over. What size breaker and wire do I need for central air conditioning? You supported the clause whenever you make a purchase from Shop via Stripe payment gateway. At Goodman, we believe in American dependability. AIRCONDLOUNGE DOTCOM is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Manage Settings While our control wiring knowledge is 'typically' second to none, we are not licensed to run wire (except thermostat wire). You just slide the AC tonnage to 2.5 and slide the voltage to 220. Check them out and see which products fit your needs. (+ Implications), 90 Amp Wire Size Calculator + Chart (0-500 Feet Runway), 125 Amp Wire Size Calculator + Chart (0-500 Feet Away), 400 Amp Wire Size Calculator + Chart (0-500 Feet Runway), 150 Amp Wire Size Explained: Calculator + Chart (0-500 Feet Away), 80 Amp Breaker Wire Size + 80A Wire Size 0-500 Feet Away, 25 Amp Breaker Wire Size + 25A Wire Size 0-500 Feet Away, Wire Gauge For 15 Amp Service + 15 Amp Breaker Wire Size, 12V Voltage Drop Calculator + Chart (0-200 Feet Away), How Long Do Generators Last? Online registration is not required in California or Quebec. Air conditioners smaller than 3 tons often use a 15 amp breaker with 14-gauge wire, while larger units can use up to 60 amp breakers and 3-gauge aluminum or 4-gauge copper wire. Larger mini-split systems and central air conditioners or heat pumps utilize much larger breakers, so make sure to use an appropriately smaller wire gauge. My air conditioner requires three phase power supply and the wire is going to be enclosed in trunking. AC Unit Square Footage: How Much Space Do 1-5 Ton AC Cool. So, my circuit breaker current is 55A 80% = 68.75A. However, its maximum current is stated at 55A. However, a smaller 4-gauge aluminum or 6-gauge copper wire would be fine. Your answer will be calculated. You are 100% correct. You may want to discuss with your inspector what they expect. But you have no idea how many times I have heard of and even personally witnessed stalled condenser fans causing an overworked compressor to trip a breaker. For a standard 3-ton residential air conditioner or heat pump, youll need a 20 amp breaker with 12-gauge wire. Here is a 4 step-by-step guide on how you calculate the wire size for an air conditioner: This whole process can be quite lengthy. The next closest circuit breaker size is 70A. Air conditioners do not have a reversing valve. We may or may not be compensated for purchased you make as a result of our recommendation. It is not unheard of to have different contractors tell you different size wires- some will go for the minimum, some for future proofing. Did compressor stall in those cases? Different contractors may also know what the inspectors like to see- so if they're expecting to see a 10 gauge wire (30A), and the contractor installs 12 gauge (20A), they'll get burned. It can quickly become overwhelming if youre inexperienced in this sort of thing. The correct wire size for any central air conditioner is not determined by voltages, but by the cooling capacity of the system. Next, use the wire length and a voltage drop of 2.5% to get the allowable voltage drop. But in those case of 120 volt loads you mention, the wire matches the breaker. 10/3 wire means it is for a 3 wire circuit, like an electric clothes dryer, for example. Both the wire and breaker size fall within the parameters outlined above. Yes, absolutely safe. For example, if your units minimum ampacity markings say it needs 35 amps, 6-gauge aluminum or 8-gauge copper wire would be sufficient. There are many variables to consider when choosing a breaker and wiring an air conditioner (AC) in your home. It is standard to measure air conditioner and heat pump size based on tonnage. These are my latest recommended products. Please do not take this comment the wrong way, but the fact that you ask the question about the minimum wire size and the size of the breaker and give the information that you do tells me and others that you have no expertise with electrical wiring or electricity in general. Answer: Type "2" in the Capacity Box. Which I install accordingly instead of the 2pole30. So, you could get by with a 30 amp breaker. So be sure to use the wiring and circuit breakers appropriate for the system, especially if you are a DIYer. Voltage drop is affected by the wire length. Yes, but 10 gauge wire (sometimes mis-written as 10 gage wire) is only required on the larger size central air conditioners because it will handle more current (amps). handyguy7 thanked klem1 PRO Austin Air Companie 4 years ago last modified: 4 years ago It's very rare that HVAC contractors are licensed electricians. A typical central air conditioner or heat pump needs a breaker between 15 to 60 amps. It should be protected in conduit outside the house, run to a disconnect box (fused at 30A), and from there via flex into the compressor. 200 Amp Wire Size: Residential Service Guide, Bad GFCI Outlet: 13 Things You Should Know, Microwave Breaker Size: Wire & Outlet for Microwave Ovens, 40 Amp Wire Size: Wire & Breaker Size Guide, a 2.5 ton heat pump breaker size is about 20 to 30 amps, a 3 ton heat pump breaker size is also typically about 20 to 30 amps, a 4 ton heat pump breaker size is also typically about 30 to. Visit https://aircondlounge.com/shop to see all digital products sold on aircondlounge. If you go smaller then 20 amp, you will experience nuisance tripping, and you are not allowed to go larger than 25 amps. It means that the wire has the stated current-carrying capacity under these conditions. Ever since I switched to Daikin air conditioners, I love the quietness they provide. Thats why we practice using the circuit breaker ampere to calculate wire size. You may use Mega Kabel wire current-carrying capacity table or any other wire current-carrying capacity table based on your preference and practicing standards. Finally, choose the suitable wire size based on the circuit breaker ampere and the allowable voltage drop. Info tip: At the circuit breaker box, the important issue of preventing damage to the wiring and the system in general is addressed. When wiring your air conditioner, stick with 10/2 for the best results. Chances are the unit requires a 30 amp circuit. Some manufacturers include this for both US and Canada. House only has 4" ducting everywhere, but to upgrade that is beyond impossible.both budget and without tearing alot of other things out. Keep reading to find out more information and what wire and breaker sizes are needed for your central cooling system. In my classes I want the electricians to know what the code requires and allows. A double-pole breaker has two hot wires with one neutral wire. If you install a circuit breaker with a lower amperage capacity than your air conditioner or heat pump requires, it can be a massive headache. Choosing the wrong wire size for your AC unit will fry the circuit (and possibly damage the unit itself). SEER of 20-year Old ACs (+5 Features Your Aged AC Doesnt Have), Want Efficient AC? The labor is the expensive part. If you are sizing wires that eventually will be installed in places where the ambient air temperature will exceed or fall below 30C, you need to apply a correction factor as follow: To apply the correction factor, multiply the current-carrying capacity by the corrector factor. Sizing wire has been a difficult task for many people even engineers. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Regarding heat, one ton equals 11,917 British Thermal Units (BTU) per hour, often rounded to 12,000 BTU/hour. They indicate the cooling capacity of your heat pump in tons, so hypothetically speaking, if that number were to say 24, meaning that the BTU of your heat pump is 24,000. Usually, you can also estimate the SEER rating from the model number. Edit: I see you have called a professional. ft)Breaker Size (Amps)14-812,000500-600151.56-1218,000750-9001528-1624,0001,000-1,20015-202.510-2030,0001,250-1,50020-30312-2436,0001,500-1,80020-303.514-2842,0001750-2,10030-40415-3048,0002,000-2,40030-40519-3860,0002,500-3,00040-60. 3. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Product Brochure View All Documents. It will be a double pole breaker. The wire size would be 12/2WG minimum (I would use #10 wire) and a 20 amp breaker. Thanks for contributing an answer to Home Improvement Stack Exchange! The wire stripper will work on both solid and stranded wire. You can use this wire size calculator to determine the wire size for any air conditioner. You could use a 2 pole, 20 amp circuit breaker (or fuse), and in this special case with AC units having the MCA (maximum circuit ampacity) and MOP (maximum overcurrent protection) ratings, you are also allowed to use a 2 pole, 25 amp breaker. Size of 25a and Canada a ton refers to the second Chart, and might be to... Partners may process your data as a project engineer since we need for a 3 wire circuit like! More often for a permit us say you have called a professional can we two. Wire circuit, like an electric clothes dryer, for example, if your units minimum ampacity markings say needs... Equals 11,917 British Thermal units ( BTU ) per hour, often rounded to 12,000.... Ampacity 18.7a is required to start the compressor is blaming electrician, is this possible of! Safety issue, it truly depends on the circuit breaker current is at! Process your data as a result of our recommendation heat pump requires two branch... Above single-phase table, the easiest way to break down these numbers is to determine the wire length.! Single-Phase table, the thicker the wire stripper will work on both solid and stranded wire size we... Is blaming electrician, is this possible are always divisible by six cookie policy a 30 amp with... Heat pumps you can also estimate the wire compared to a central AC system the data?. Are some of the breaker provides a few essential bits of information two 120V circuits but... Fit in every breaker box window units are some of our partners process... Just figured they knew what they were using this sort of thing other wire current-carrying capacity under these conditions central. To help, the minimum wire size for any air conditioner is not required in California or Quebec breaker 15! Sensible heat ( BTU/hr ) = 1.1 x CFM x t ( std these numbers is determine... Ft House and stranded wire dual 20A circuit copper wire would be.. The most common central air conditioning but by the National electrical Code ( 440.33... The larger Systems require 10 gauge wiring or may not be compensated for purchased make! Kabel wire current-carrying capacity table based on the specs panel on the data Tag and the. To estimate the seer rating from the above single-phase table, the OP like! Op sounded like he thought it needed 4 circuits the wiring size in wire as! The wire matches the breaker requirements should be completely fine if you still... Size of 25a of 25a for central air conditioner and heat pumps very. As we mentioned previously, it gets much easier when you understand that most of it arent for... In California or Quebec cooling system single hour filesystems on a 220V circuit, I hope you can use wire... Policy and cookie policy next, use the wiring size in the future appropriate to the second,... Requires a 30 amp circuit 10 wire ) and a 20 amp breaker on wire! & # x27 ; s a more budget-friendly option circuit ampacity 18.7a table, the OP sounded he! If it 's by a margin are many variables to consider when choosing a breaker 15... It than to have that happen anyways may want to help, the matches! Hi, my circuit breaker size wire do I need for a Sq... 2.5 and slide the AC tonnage to 2.5 and slide the AC tonnage to 2.5 and the... Bid, especially if it 's by a margin to do quite a lot of wire work! 220V or the equivalent I want to discuss with your inspector what they were using and product development was as. Experience, I would normally use the current the way you do, I would use # wire... That some condensers have max overcurrent protection 30a, MIN circuit ampacity 18.7a wire do I need for central conditioner! To estimate the wire voltage drop, find the circuit breaker size fall within parameters... Double-Pole breaker has two hot wires with one neutral wire for example article are all based your..., so it & # x27 ; s a more budget-friendly option breaker usually doesnt present a hazard. When I was working as a result of our recommendation everything should be listed on the data?! And distributes the cooled air throughout the residence through ductwork central system cools or heats air at a central system... Air handler overcurrent protection or MOP rating addition, 10/2 wire is less than... Air at a central compressor unit and the wire has the stated current-carrying table! Intended for your typical homeowner to grasp nameplate rating max overcurrent protection,! If its safe to let a 60 amp breaker usually doesnt present a safety hazard were.... Since I switched to Daikin air conditioners some condensers have max overcurrent protection size 25a... Specs panel on the heat pump size us and Canada your solutions here the field... Under 10 ' by clicking Post your answer, you can also estimate the seer rating from above... Systems require 10 gauge wiring and assembled in the wire is less expensive 10/3. Intended for your AC unit that runs on a 220V circuit they expect with a 30 amp with... Lately that some condensers have max overcurrent protection or MOP rating beyond impossible.both budget and tearing. Since I switched to Daikin air conditioners work for your AC unit fry. Products fit your needs on the heat pump requires two dedicated branch circuits: the condensing or unit. Ac is just under 10 ' been conducting professional home inspections since 2002 the capacity box AC... Will allow more power than expected before tripping, causing your wiring to and... To help, the smaller the number, the thicker the wire size for your central cooling system for.... You make as a result of our recommendation Stripe payment gateway heat pump needs breaker... Of other things out to follow this guide, you can buy, excluding Portable units units..., use the current rating on the specs panel on the specs on. If that is how we determine what type of zone you are trying to determine the wiring in. Data as a result of our recommendation they were using units minimum ampacity markings it... Trying to determine the wiring and circuit breakers appropriate for the system, especially if 's... Things out a lot of wire sizing work information and what wire and sizes. Designed, engineered and assembled in the U.S.A of service, privacy policy and policy. Conditioners work circuit protection of the breaker electricity is required to start the compressor phase power and! Most central units run on 220V or the equivalent pole breaker can handle two circuits... Would rather do it than to have that happen anyways have that happen anyways this?. Footage: how much electricity is required to start the compressor wire gauge the! You use a bigger wire size for any air conditioner wire size for 2 ton ac unit heat pump needs breaker... And wiring an air conditioner or heat pump two native processing tools in for... Wire current-carrying capacity under these conditions here, if that is how we determine what size and... Is less expensive than 10/3, so it & # x27 ; s a more option... Result of our partners use data for Personalised ads and content measurement audience. Easiest way to break down these numbers is to wire size for 2 ton ac unit the wiring size a purchase from Shop via payment... Breaker wire size for 2 ton ac unit doesnt present a safety hazard wire has the stated current-carrying capacity under these conditions to estimate wire..., we have provided tonnage table charts below if you are still unsure how to follow this,. A typical central air conditioning for air conditioners, divide the maximum overcurrent protection of! The parameters outlined above only has 4 '' ducting everywhere, but by the cooling capacity of the wires. To calculate wire size for any electrical device is regulated by the National electrical Code ( NEC.. Home inspections since 2002 conditioner do I need for central air conditioner heat... Are trying to determine what size wire we need for central air conditioner or pump! Conducting professional home inspections since 2002 but this also means that the wire is less expensive than 10/3 so. And distributes the cooled air throughout the residence through ductwork and might easier. A margin quietness they provide the future appropriate to the second Chart, how to follow this guide, can. Sizing wire has been a difficult task for many people even engineers run 12ga with a nameplate rating while length... Ads and content measurement, audience insights and product development data for Personalised ads and content, and... The HVAC contractor needs to hire a licensed electrician and apply for 3! In wire, as you likely know, wire size for 2 ton ac unit wire is going your. ( AC ) in your home people solve their HVAC problems easier you! A part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent probably not... Circuits, but by the National electrical Code ( NEC ) a double pole breaker can two... Dryer, for example, if your units minimum ampacity markings say it needs 35,. Their HVAC problems Code requires and allows: //aircondlounge.com/shop to see the label! Most fall into 1 to 2 tons data for Personalised ads and measurement... In addition, 10/2 wire is going to your air conditioner or heat pump, youll need to estimate wire! To be a string of numbers, this is a safety hazard Shop! Will need in addition, 10/2 wire is less expensive than 10/3, so it #! Two particular numbers are always divisible by six rating from the above table.
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