They paid gladly their militia fines which were thrice the usual tax on property; and while. Perquimans County, NC. The problem for the modern reader is remembering that the year did not begin on 1 January until 1752, so that until 1752 February was Twelfth Month and March First Month for Quakers. 7 Issue 4, April 1908 , p 278-289 [7] Twenty-nine years later, this community found their peaceful existence interrupted by the arrival of the American and British armies. [32] The community of New Garden evolved over the years. Share your family tree and photos with the people you know and love. (Hotten.) He and his wife left two sons, Samuel and John. In the six months leading up to the Battle of Guilford Courthouse, the American and British forces met at the battles of Cowpens and Kings Mountain in northern South Carolina. Saunders most likely built the one-and-one-half-story brick dwelling that later came to be known as the Newbold-White House. The Lord Proprietors next named Samuel Stephens as Governor of Albemarle. Nearby is Quaker Lake Conference Center, a youth summer camp facility and year-round conference center. By 1751 Cane Creek Monthly Meeting was established, followed in 1754 by New Garden. During the 17th century, Quakers were known for their simple customs and dress, as well as their strict adherence to morals in order to remain pure and receptive to the inner light of God. In 1769 a party is disowned for bankruptcy. The Total Abstinence Society of Perquimans and Chowan Counties, which claims to be the second oldest temperance organization in the State, dating back to the early part of the. Title. With little medical resources other than the remedies handed down from generation to generation and surrounded by accidental risks, fevers, poisonous snakes and wild animals, men and women often were suddenly widowed and left with small children to care for without a home-maker or protector-provider. (North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources: Raleigh, NC 1987). Catchmade organized groups to settle and seat the land that Durant had allocated from the Yeopim. MY QUAKER HERITAGE. So that it is only in recent years, 1812-date, that Perquimans County has not been a rallying point for the Quakerism of the whole State. Though the Quakers have long since moved away and the Meeting House sold and disappeared, the cemetery has been preserved as part of the early history of the state since the very first religious services in colonial North Carolina were Friends Meetings. As the Quakers were very careful to take their church credentials with them, it is easy to follow them from place to place as they moved. 1.2 Quakers in North Carolina 2 Quaker Meetings 2.1 Core Sound (Carteret County) 2.2 Carver's Creek 2.3 Dunn's Creek 2.4 Cane Creek 2.5 New Garden 3 Sources 4 Additional resources Background Settlement of North Carolina North Carolina was one of the original Thirteen Colonies. Feb 17, 2013. Like a bow wave pushing forward in front of a boat, competing religious denominations moved through 18 th century North Carolina staying just ahead of the King's reach. The church would not grant its permission to a marriage request sometimes, and such a thing as a man's not having paid his debts would hinder no less than grosser evils if such were detected. [10] Abundance of water also aided the farmers with their crops and for their homes. While the Quaker communities continued to grow in North Carolina and in Isle of Wight Co., Virginia, there remained a lingering unease over the tight control of the mother country affecting both the settler's religious and economic lives . Although most yearly meetings had been divided along the previously noted lines, North Carolina did not experience a separation until 1904, when the North Carolina Yearly Meeting (Conservative) was established by a small minority. Quaker Records Overview North Carolina Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends started around 1680 in northeastern North Carolina, and included monthly meetings (churches) in North and South Carolina, parts of Virginia, Georgia, and Tennessee in the nineteenth century. The traitors imprisoned the governor, Thomas Miller, which led to the start of the rebellion. Four years later Edmundson returns to Carolina and says, Friends were finely settled and I left things well among them. All of this occurred in what is now Perquimans County; and from that day to this (1672-1908), a term of two hundred and thirty-six years, Friends have been prominent citizens of that county. Leah and Joseph Smith were the grandparents of Mary Smith, wife of William Hill. Home Encyclopedia Entry Perquimans County (1668). [February] 1732/3. Albemarle was becoming quite populated. Before receiving this retention bonus . We are glad to realize that they are again making themselves a part of civic life and doing their part politically, as well as socially, in the great civic awakening which is spreading over our country. One of these couples who came in the 1660s was Henry and Hannah (Baskel) Phelps from Salem, Massachusetts. As an example, 24 March 1750 was followed the next day by 25 March 1751. //dump($i); It might be said on passing that these records which the Friends have always been so careful to keep are one of the fruitful sources for genealogical study before mentioned. North Carolina Quakers are centered in Greensboro, where the denominations major institutions are located: the yearly meeting office, Guilford College, and Friends Homes, Inc., a nationally recognized retirement community. Early on the Quakers learned how to treat the Indians with respect and to coexist with them. [31] In 1888 the school officially became Guilford College, which now serves Quaker and non-Quaker students from all over the state, country, and world. [March] 1733/4. Elisha Parker was b. say 1725. Young men were being conscripted into the militia to fight Indians on the western borders of Virginia and North Carolina and brought home with them news of the beautiful, undeveloped lands in the western parts of those states. The Wells meeting house stood not far from the present town of Winfall, just across the road from the Jessup homestead. It shows a great antagonism on the part of the writer for the Quakers, and incidentally their origin, growth and present power. Veronica Rountree, whose brother wrote a book about Quaker history in the region, poses for a portrait in the new Perquimans County History Museum, which held its grand opening on Saturday, Feb. 19. The women, treated as equals, had their own meetings and committees to deal with their own particular concerns. 1886. Concerned with the question of slavery, they knew they could not operate their farms without slave help. Perquimans County Courthouse 128 N. Church Street Hertford, NC 27944 Phone: 252-404-5000 Perquimans County Website Register of Deeds has marriage and land records. They believed in the equality of men and women. The English who were aware of the difference between the two calendars often double-dated documents by giving both their own and the Gregorian calendar year to avoid confusion, so that 8 11 mo. Thank you! Many computer programs require the use of modern dating; in this case, researchers should use the old date, but note them as o.s. (old style) so that the reader knows that it has not been converted. Despite the rebellions that occurred in early Perquimans, the Society of Friends, or the Quakers, were influential in early colonial politics. Providing food, clothing, and health care for a family in the wilderness was no easy task and required the help of every hand at an early age. The southern community met the Quaker antislavery stance with escalating hostility, precipitating mass migrations of Quakers to the free states of Ohio and Indiana. Samuel Pricklove died in Perquimans County in 1692. Winfall, Chapanoke, Belvidere, Durants Neck, and Snug Harbor are the other communities and townships within the region. A significant contribution to minority education was the High Point Normal and Industrial Institute, which was founded in 1891 and eventually was incorporated into the public school system as William Penn High School. especially the creation of digital library materials and tools. Encyclopedia of North Carolina, University of North Carolina Press. The new ideas were more evident in North Carolina after the Civil War when out-of-state evangelists began to hold revivals. Indeed, it has always been a care of the Quakers to keep their outward affairs in proper condition, and in the early days of the Perquimans records, where boundary lines were not marked with sufficient definiteness, one of the principal matters of church record is the settlement by the church of such differences as may arise in regard to land tenure. Perquimans County Restoration Association, Inc. Quaker History Quaker History Although the Newbold-White House itself dates to ca. The Quakers exhibited their influence throughout Perquimans until the end of the Cary Rebellion in the early 1700s. Date. The county is noted for its nearly 100 miles of shoreline which attracts numerous hunters, fishermen, and boaters to Perquimans. Nestled amidst rivers and streams in northeastern North Carolina, Perquimans County is at the heart of the historic Albemarle region. One of the great migrations from Britain to the American colonies involved the Quakers and occurred primarily from 1675 through 1725. Marrying out, that is, marrying some one not in membership with the Friends, was a disownable offense; and it was thus that the Quakers lost many members. Following the Cary Rebellion of 1711, Friends were effectively excluded from colonial politics and thereafter seldom held office in the state until modern times. In the next generation these were skills that enabled the young men to lead their people into newer untouched lands to the west. The first organization of Friends in Perquimans County was known as Perquimans Monthly Meeting. Quaker Graveyard at Little River - Perquimans County, North Carolina. East Carolina University. They preferred living in frontier areas where they were free of the social pressures of concentrated population. Each group assigned overseers to monitor the conduct of their members, arrange for disputes between members to be settled in a peaceful and fair manner, and to look into and approve or disapprove of the appropriateness of the intention of members to marry. Shakespeare says, What's in a name? What the Quakers have been to the county and the community is best shown by stating a few facts. Members of the Society are known as Friends or Quakers, and believe that the Holy Spirit is the primary source of light and guidance. Marriage occurred at a young age for girls in particular. Please submit permission requests for other use directly to the publisher. From an 1887 conference in Richmond, Ind., emerged both a uniform discipline and eventually the Friends United Meeting, first called the Five Years Meeting. That which we call a rose, by any other name would smell as sweet; and on the naming of their places of worship, the Friends had no ear for the artistic or euphonious, but were purely local. Their core belief in the sacredness of human life was the basis for their testimonies on the human family, gender equality, pacifism, and the abolition of slavery. For this crime of activism, Pricklove was sentenced to have his right ear amputated and be banished from the colony. [26] [27] The battle covered such a large area, over 1,000 acres, that some of the wounded were not found until a few days after the battle. Knowing where your Quaker ancestor settled is a . Rev. [March] 1708/9. Hertford, the seat of government in Perquimans, was established in 1758. In the early morning on March 15, 1781, Tarleton led an advance party of British forces and were met by Lee on what is now New Garden Road. Full-Time. The following information was reproduced from The Quaker Library Guide 6. After Berkeleys death in 1677, she married thirdly Phillip Ludwell, Governor of Charlestown, in south Carolina. Perquimans County, located in the Coastal Plain region of North Carolina, was formed in 1679 and originally called Berkeley Precinct of Albemarle County; it was later renamed for the Perquimans Indians of the area.It is partially bordered by the Albemarle Sound. Friends General Conference - Quakers in North Carolina. Quakerism in Perquimans has long been on the wane. Dating to 1668, it was an important colonial settlement and the site of North Carolina's first organized religious service, a Quaker meeting. The Chowan, Perquimans, Pasquotank, and Little Rivers were linked with the smaller streams making a veritable water highway throughout the area. When the word spread that this was a place where people were able to worship in freedom and that the Virginia government had less influence in the region, the Quakers in southern Virginia came to Albemarle in increasing numbers. The first 24 days of March present even greater complications. Salary Grade: NC04 / Salary Range: $31,200.00 - $51,525.00. Hertford, Perquimans County, North Carolina, USA 399; 93%; 0%; Riddicks Grove Cemetery . of today; notable among them is the privilege of affirmation by any individual and in any court of justice, rather than the taking of the legal oath. Several Perquimans historic sites showcase the countys deep, cultural history. The water, however, was perfectly clear, tasted by no means unpleasant, and was quite wholesome. They objected to using those names of days (Sunday to Saturday) and months (January to August) which derived from pagan gods, substituting numbers. The earliest religious meetings in Albemarle were held in the homes of their leaders. At that time the law of 1715 was in force which provided that no Quaker or reputed Quaker shall by virtue of this act (that is of affirming instead of taking the oath) be qualified or permitted to give evidence in any criminal causes or to serve on any jury, or bear any office or place of profit or trust in the government. Now we have a list of jurymen in the various precincts for the year 1723, and while Pasquotank and Chowan have 156 and 142, respectively, Perquimans has only 54, and Perquimans was just as old a province as either of the other two. A full account of this beginning is given by Dr. Stephen B. They were soon joined by other Quakers from the New England colonies who had heard that new Quaker settlements were being started in the south. East Carolina University Digital Collections. For the first thirty years Albemarle was governed by independent men, and Quakers served in all levels of political office. Named in after Hertford, England, Hertford was originally Phelps Point because Jonathan Phelps owned the land. Quaker Sites in Early Perquimans County. Build your family tree online ; Share photos and videos Posted: January 31, 2023. The rebellion died away after Sothels departure, and Durant, along with the new council, remained in charge. That makes it one of the oldest towns in the state. Leaving Fox and the others, the Irish evangelist William Edmundson visited the Albemarle region in March 1672 for three days, holding the first religious services in the colony and laying a foundation that would result in North Carolinas becoming in its early years virtually a Quaker province. the doings of its members. Yeopim Indians named the area Perquimans, which means "land of beautiful women." The first Quaker in North Carolina was one Henry Phillips, who had been a member of that church in New England previous to his coming to Carolina in 1665; though William Edmundson, an Irish Quaker preacher, was the real instigator of Quakerism among the settlers. At the present time there are two hundred and ninety-six Friends in Perquimans and Chowan Counties (the latter has only about thirty-five). This article is from the Encyclopedia of North Carolina edited by William S. Powell. The early Quaker communities were models of life based on their Christian beliefs. His grandfather, Henry White, had lived on Queens Creek in York County, north of Williamsburg. The clearings were the result of the Saura and Keyauwee agricultural practices, and were one of the reasons settlers were attracted to the area. This migration occurred due to the . As to the people, the surnames which appear in the Quaker records of these meetings are names still to be found in Perquimans and adjoining counties or are among those transplanted to central Carolina and the middle West. That a vigorous effort was made and much legislation secured toward making the Church of England the church of the Carolinas is easily shown by a study of the legal enactments of the time. At the college are the Quaker Center, which has an important role in interpreting the beliefs and practices of the denomination, and the Quaker Historical Collection, which is the archival repository for southern Friends. In Pasquotank County, Culpeper is proudly claimed as Americas first governor of a free people in this country and Albemarle as the first independent colony in the new world. By the end of the war there were few Friends left in the state, and without the aid of northern Quakers, particularly the support of Francis King and the Baltimore Association, the church might have disappeared from North Carolina. The Yeopim and the Weapemeoc were the original natives of the region, and the Yeopim called the land Perquimans which meant the land of beautiful women. A derivative of the Algonquians and the Tuscarora, the Yeopim were driven away by the English and Welsh settlers. Greensboro, The Quakers were assessing their local problems and the possibility of starting new settlements in the west. Citation format: Creator. Stephens was born in Jamestown in 1629 and was the first governor of any colony to be born in America. They sometimes used Roman numerals (i-xii) for these, and sometimes Arabic (1-12). They were an industrious, plain, sober, and hardy people who had already endured much hardship and privation. When unrest in Albemarle broke out in Culpepers Rebellion, in 1677, Thomas Miller, an apothecary from Pasquotank, was serving as Deputy Governor in place of Thomas Eastchurch. Copyright 2023 All Rights Reserved by It is often helpful, in making notes from Quaker manuscripts, printed works, and digest registers of births, marriages and burials, to write down the old style numbers as in the original text, but add the new style names after in square brackets, such as: 29 ii [April] 1731 or 29 2 mo. The earliest existing meeting records, which date from 1680, are from Perquimans Monthly Meeting. Used by permission of the publisher. Peirce Senr, Thos. 2332 New Garden Road [2] Both served as local officials and were the first two settlers of the area. THE ENGLISH YEAR before and after 31 December 1751. To write of the Quakers of Perquimans County involves almost the complete history of the Friends Church in North Carolina for the first seventy-five years of its existence. [21] General Greene learned of the Quakers generosity and was in great need of assistance caring for his wounded militia and Continental soldiers. To be sure in later years (from 1750- ) the Presbyterians were much more potent in this struggle, but the Quakers held the fort until that time. The first U.S. But for eighty-eight years (till 1786) the yearly meeting of North Carolina (that is the highest authority in the church) was held either at Perquimans or Old Neck or Little Riverall in Perquimans County. and if no acknowledgement was made, he was disowned. URL. "Faculty and Staff, New Garden Boarding School." The poor and orphaned children were provided for by funds set aside in each meeting from tithes for that purpose, and new homes were arranged for the orphans where they would be clothed, fed, and taught a trade. Quakerism did not begin the work of settlement, and of reclaiming the wilderness for civilization, but it has the greater honor of having brought some organized form of Christianity to the infant colony, and of having cared for those wandering sheep whom others neglected.. George and Edmundson Fox traveled to Carolinas during the 1670s and they established several churches in the state. Quakers organized manumission and African colonization societies and gradually began to advocate abolition of slavery. A major accomplishment of North Carolina Friends in this period was the opening in 1837, under the guidance of Nathan Hunt, of New Garden Boarding School, the oldest coeducational school in the South. The Quakers opposed such activities as the declaration of American Independence, which led to the Revolutionary War (1775-1781), because they believed that governments were divinely instituted and that they should only rebel should the government disobey the laws of God.[8] In 1695, a Quaker named John Archdale had been governor of North Carolina. Berkeley, acting on orders of the Lord Proprietors. Colonists burned the ship, and the Crown called for an investigation of the conspirators. The Perquimans County Indian Summer Festival, the Spring Fling and Old-Timers Game, and the Hearth and Harvest Festival are cultural outings held in the region annually. January and February present some complications. Without a pair of hardworking parents, a family could not survive. Then there was a series of years (1787-1812) in which the yearly meeting alternated between Perquimans and Guilford Counties, with four exceptions when Pasquotank claimed the honor. The peremptory way in which Friends have disowned its members make us almost wonder that any at all are left. William Newby came from London to New England in Mary, & John Mar 24, 1633, age 24. The Religious Society of Friends - North Carolina Yearly Meeting of Friends. Identifier. Encyclopedia of North Carolina (University of North Carolina Press: Chapel Hill, NC 2006). British General Charles Cornwallis left many of his wounded, between 64 and 134, at the New Garden community under the care of the Quakers. 1660S was Henry and Hannah ( Baskel ) Phelps from Salem, Massachusetts water throughout! And occurred primarily from 1675 through 1725 the Society of Friends and were the 24... For girls in particular Friends have disowned its members make us almost wonder that any at all are.! Tree and photos with the New ideas were more evident in North Carolina Yearly Meeting of Friends, the! 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